Condensation-preventer.



EDWY O. CAPEN, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

CONDENSATION -PRE VE NTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept'. 3, 1907.

Application sied october 16,1906. serial No. 339,167.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWY O. OAPEN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Buffalo, Erie county, State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Condensation-Preventers; and mypreferred manner of carrying out the invention is set forth in thefollowing full, clear, and exact description, terminating with a claimparticularly specifying the novelty.

This invention relates to window ventilators, and more especially tothose devices which are adapted for prevention of condensation.

It is well known by locomotive engineers, street car motormen, andothers whose calling requires them constantly to look through a windowfrom Within a cab or the like, that in wet or cold Weather moisture orfrost will accumulate on the inside of the glass and render it difficultand in some cases impossible to see out. To overcome this difficulty Ihave constructed a Window ventilator designed to maintain the air nextthe inner face of the glass at the same temperature as that next itsouter face. ln an application for patent bearing Serial Number 296,563,filed by me on Jan. 17,1906 and allowed on September ll`, 1906, thisstructure is broadly described and claimed as `consisting of openings inthe frame next the pane for admitting the external air which strikes theglass, passing it around the edges of the latter, and directing it injets across its inner face.

The present invention consists in arranging the openings in the frameout of lateral alinement with each other so that the jets will breakjoint and the incoming cold air at each side of the glass Will have anopportunity to flow practically entirely across the inner surface of thepane without being interrupted or retarded by the jets at the otherside.

The present invention also amplities certain details of constructionwhich I have found to be of advantage in a ventilator of this character.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is an insideA elevation of thefront panel of an engineers locomotive cab, with the lower part of theinner beading removed.4

Figs. 2 and 3 are sections through the same on the lines 2-2 and 3 3.Fig. 4 is a detail view ofthe upper end l of one of the inner beadings,viewed from the surface which lies next the glass. Fig 5 is an enlargedsectional detail of a form which may be used in some cases.

While this window may well be used at other places, I have illustratedit of the shape commonly employed in the front of a locomotive cab. Theshape and size is immaterial, but usually the Window will stand squarelyat right angles to the line of progress and its outer surface willreceive the impact of a strong current of air which cools the glass onthe exterior, while its interior the invention is to admit the colderair and direct it across the inner surface of the glass so as toequalize the temperature on both surfaces while yet not allowing thecold air to blow into the opcrators face.

The letter F designates the frame of the Window, and G the glass.n Thelatter, instead of resting against a shoulder in the frame as usual, isheld therein between outer headings O and inner beadings I, either orboth of which may be removable for the purpose of inserting or replacingthe glass. By preference the outer beading is .of one size throughout,and by preference the inner beading has projections P at intervalswhichextend a little further inward over the inner face of the glassthan the remaining portion of the beading. Or, as shown in dotted linesin Fig. 4, the inner beading could be of one width throughoutthe sameWidth as the projections P shown in full lines. But the wider innerbeading (Whether wider throughout a portion or the whole of its length)offers a strong shoulder for the glass, to resist the impact of air onis o uter face.

The glass G preferably fits Within the frame F and its edges are held bycontact therein, but cut into said frame at points opposite theprojections are recesses R, best seen in Fig. 8. The inner faces oftheheadings (that is, those faces next to the glass) are cut-away slightlyas at V at points opposite said recesses R; and the cut-away portionsand recesses therefore coactvto produce passages for the iniiow of airfrom next the outer face of the glass. By preference these passages areabout seven inches in height on the side headings, although I do notlimit myself to that size and I believe it is clue to their existencethat a certain cushion effect is produced behind the glass whereby thelatter is liess liable to breakage than if the inner beading wasentirelysolid. This cushion effect also exists whether the inner beadinghas the projections P or is of one width throughout, and is quite apoint of advantage in locomotives Where the front window so often cracksor breaks.

It will be observed in Fig. 1 that the projections VP at oppositeedgesof the Window are in staggered rela- D tion to each other, ratherthan opposite each other as in my former patent. The result is that theincoming air at both edges of the glass is permitted to ow entirelyacross its inner face, as the jets entering at one edge break joint withthose entering at the other. This arrangement I consider highlyimportant, as it leaves no portion of the pane on which frost orcondensation might form. Another detail in the present case as shown inFig. 4 is an addition to my former patent. This consists in cuttingsmall kerfs K in the inner face oi the inner beading from its uppermostcutaway portion V obliquely upward to the inner edge o this beading, andthrough the rounded end of the projection P it the latter is used-adetail which I find advantageous in the corners o a Window (such forinstance as shown in Fig. l) for the purpose oi directing tiny jets ofcold air into those corners and keeping them entirely free from rost andcondensation.

In use, the air striking the glass G is deflected and spread over itsouter surface and thrown radially against the outer beading O. Enteringthe cut-away portions V therein, it passes around the edges oi the.glass through the recesses R in the frame, and is directed into thecut-away portions V o the inner beading I. These cut-away portions areformed by preference under the projections P, and hence the iniiowingjets of air are directed from the several edges oi the glass over andacross its inner face, rather Ythan being permitted to blow toward andinto the face and eyes of the engineer. By the word edges I reer here tothe upper edge and both sides as shown in Fig. l, as it is ordinarilyunnecessary to have these openings at the lower edge oi the panealthough they might be formed there ii desired.

In Fig. 5 is illustrated on a somewhat larger scale a slight variationwhich I find it desirable in some cases to employ-especially where thepane oi glass is quite wide or large. In such cases and under somecircumstances the blast of air admitted around the edges oi the glassmay not be directed across its inner surface with suflicient force. Inorder to give more impetus to the incoming air, it will be seen in thisview how the outer beading O may be cut away at V at an incline so as topresent a rather large mouth or the inlet of the outside air; also howthe recess R/ may be larger and possibly rounded at its bottom to admitof the free passage of the air; and also how the inner beading Imay haveits cut-away V2 tapered or under-cut, so

as to be larger where it communicates with the recess R I and smallerwhere the jet of air issues on the inner iace of the glass. In practiceI find that this construction directs the jets with considerably moreforce across the inner face of the pane, than the other.

What is claimed as new is:

1. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glass and its frame,and openings in the latter next the pane for admitting the external airwhich strikes the outer face of the glass and directing it from thesides and across its inner face in jets which are out of alinement witheach other.

2. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glass and its frame,and openings in the latter next the pane for admitting the external airwhich strikes the outer face of the glass and directing it from the topedge downward j over its inner face and from the two upright edgesinward over its inner face in jets arranged in staggered relation toeach other. j

3. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glass, a framesurrounding its edges and having recesses at certain points next saidedges, and the outer and inner headings holding the glass in the frameand 'cut away at4 points to communicate with said recesses, the recessesin -the side hars of the frame being located out of horizontal alinementwith each other, for the purpose set forth.

4. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glass, a framesurrounding its edges and having recesses at certain points next saidedges, and the outer and inner headings holding the glass in the frameand cut away atthe inner headpoints to communicate with said recesses,ing being wider than the outer heading, for the purpose set forth.

5. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glass and its frame,and openings in the latter next the pane for admitting the external airwhich strikes the outer face of the glass and directing it from the'sides across its inner face, and additional openings branching fromsaid rst-mentioned openings next the inner face of the pane fordirecting the inowing air into the corners of the window, for thepurpose set forth.

(i. A condensation preventer consisting of a pane of glassy a framesurrounding its edges and having recesses at certain points next saidedges, the outer and inner.

headings holding the glass in the frame and cut away at points tocommunicate with said recesses, projections on the inner heading at thepoints where it is cut away,"

and kerr's in the inner heading next the glass leading from the cut-awayportion therein and directed toward the.

corners of the pane, as and for the purpose set *foi-th,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto Ysubscribed my signature this the13 day of October, A. D. 1906.

EDWY O. CAPEN.

Witnesses GEORGE Sm'rz, ARCHIE D. LELAND.

